Raymond, 2001
Raymond, 2001

Raymond, Eric S., The Cathedral & the Bazaar, O'Reilly, 2001.
Raymond, Eric S., 大教堂与市集，O'Reilly，2001.

Named after the classic article that has motivated the Open Source movement, this book presents the article along with other opinions of the same author. The article analyzes how the GNU/Linux kernel has been developed with such dramatic speed as compared to proprietary projects, despite being a "hobby" project done by thousands of contributors around the world. It is interesting to note how a project of that size is managed and how this phenomenon occurs. Some principles are extracted for use in general software projects, exemplified by the fetchmail project done by the author. The term "Open Source" was then coined as a proposed replacement to the "Free Software" term used by former campaigns led by the GNU project, as it was less ambiguous and more friendly to businesses.

这本以激励了开源运动的文章《大教堂与市集》命名的书除了收入这篇文章外，还有同一作者的其他文章。《大教堂与市集》这篇文章分析了 GNU/Linux 内核是怎样由世界各地的数千名开发者当作一个“爱好”项目，以专有软件不可比拟的速度得到开发的。观察这样规模的一个项目如何成为现实和它的管理是非常有趣的。这个项目的一些原则被提炼出来，在一般的软件工程中得到应用，作者用他的 fetchmail 项目举了例。“开源”这个词比较不易产生歧义，而且对商业应用更友好，因此被用来替代之前 GNU 项目领导的活动中使用的“自由软件”这个词。

The article is available at catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.

这篇文章可以在 catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/ 找到。

DiBona , Ockman & Stone, 1999
DiBona，Ockman 和 Stone，1999

DiBona, C., Ockman, S. and Stone M., eds., Open Sources -- Voices from the Open Source Revolution, O'Reilly, 1999.
DiBona, C，Ockman, S. 和 Stone M., 编，开源——开源革命的声音，O'Reilly，1999.

This includes articles by leaders of the FOSS movements: Brian Behlendrof (Apache), Kirk McKusick (Berkeley Unix), Tim O'Reilly (O'Reilly & Associates), Bruce Perens (Debian, Open Source Initiative), Tom Paquin and Jim Hamerly (mozilla.org, Netscape), Eric Raymond (Open Source Initiative), Richard Stallman (GNU, Free Software Foundation, Emacs), Michael Tiemann (Cygnus Solutions), Linus Torvalds (Linux), Paul Vixie (Bind), Larry Wall (Perl). The strategy and success of FOSS is documented in these articles.

这本书包括自由/开源软件运动的领导者们写的文章：Brian Behlendrof（Apache），Kirk McKusick（Berkerly Unix），Tim O'Reilly（O'Reilly 及合伙人公司），Bruce Perens（Debian，开源运动），Tom Paquin 和 Jim Hamerly（mozilla.org，Netscape），Eric Raymond（开源运动），Richard Stallman（GNU，自由软件基金会，Emacs），Michael Tiemann（Cygnus Solutions），Linus Torvalds（Linux），Paul Vixie（Bind），Larry Wall（Perl）。这些文章记录了自由/开源软件的策略和成功。

Williams, 2002
Williams, 2002

Williams, S., Free as in Freedom -- Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software, O'Reilly, 2002.
Williams, S.，Free as in Freedom —— Richard Stallman 的自由软件运动，O'Reilly，2002.

This is the story of Richard Stallman, the founder of the GNU project, and the birth of the Free Software movement. It examines Stallman's unique personality and how it has been both a driving force in terms of the movement's overall success.

这是 GNU 项目创始人 Richard Stallman，以及自由软件运动的故事。它探讨了 Stallman 独特的个性以及这种个性如何成了自由软件运动成功的驱动力。

Unicode
Unicode

The Unicode Consortium, The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.1, defined by: The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2003. As amended by Unicode 4.0.1. (www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1/).

Unicode 联合会，Unicode 标准，4.0.1版，定义根据：Unicode 标准，4.0版，Addison-Wesley，Reading, MA，2003. 修改为 Unicode 4.0.1版. （www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode4.0.1/）.

This explains the Unicode standard, including descriptions of planes, code charts and implementation guidelines.

这份文档对 Unicode 标准进行了解释，包括平面的定义，代码表和实现导则。

ISO10646
ISO10646

ISO/IEC 10646:2003, Information Technology -- Universal multi-octet character set -- UCS, 2003; available from std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/.

ISO/IEC 10646:2003，信息技术──通用多字节字符集──UCS，2003；在 std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/ 可以找到。

The ISO/IEC 10646 UCS standard is explained, with code chart and conformance specifications.

文档解释了 ISO/IEC 10646 UCS 标准，并附有字符表和兼容标准的要求。

Kuhn
Kuhn

Kuhn, M., UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ for Unix/Linux; available from www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html.

Kuhn, M.，Unix/Linux UTF-8 和 Unicode 常见问题；在 www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html 可以找到。

A comprehensive one-stop information resource on how to use Unicode/UTF-8 on POSIX systems as well as the current status of support.

这是关于在 POSIX 系统上使用 Unicode/UTF-8 的全面的，一站式的信息资源，还介绍了标准支持的当前情况。

Graham, 2000
Graham，2000

Graham, T., Unicode -- Primer, IDG Books Worldwide, 2000.

Graham，T.，Unicode ── 简章，IDG Books Worldwide，2000.

ISO14652
ISO14652

ISO/IEC TR 14652:2002(E), Information Technology -- Specification method for cultural conventions, 2002.

The specification for creating locale definitions on which GNU C library is based.

ISO/IEC TR 14652:2002(E)，信息技术──关于文化习惯的指定方法，2002. GNU C 库所依据的建立区域设置定义的规定。

ISO14651
ISO14651

ISO/IEC DIS 14651, International string ordering and comparison -- Method for comparing character strings and description of the common template tailorable ordering, 2000.

ISO/IEC DIS 14651，国际字符串排序和比较──比较字符串的方法和通用模板可定制排序，2000.

This is a basic template for UCS string collation, from which LC_COLLATE category in locale definitions can be modified to fit local cultures.

这是 UCS 字符串排序的基本模板，区域设置定义中的 LC_COLLATE 可以以它为基础根据本地文化修改。

Adobe & Microsoft
Adobe 和 Microsoft

Adobe, Microsoft, OpenType Specification v.1.4.; available from partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/opentype/main.html and www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/default.htm.

Adobe，Microsoft，OpenType 技术规格 1.4 版；在 partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/opentype/main.html 和 www.microsoft.com/typography/otspec/default.htm 可以下载。

Adobe
Adobe

Adobe, Adobe Solutions Network -- Type Technology, available from partners.adobe.com/asn/tech/type/index.jsp.
Adobe，Adobe Solutions Network ── 字型技术，在 partners.adobe.com/asn/tech/type/index.jsp。

Specifications and conventions for font technology related to Adobe Postscript®. A must for standard-conformant font creations.
有关 Adobe Postscript 使用的字体技术的标准和约定。创建符合标准的字体的必读材料。

Microsoft
Microsoft

Microsoft, Microsoft Typography -- Specifications; available from www.microsoft.com/typography/specs/default.htm.
Microsoft，Microsoft 排版──规定；在 www.microsoft.com/typography/specs/default.htm 可以找到。

Specifications for OpenType and TrueType font technologies. Also included are specifications for fonts of specific scripts and languages as required by Microsoft Uniscribe, the Unicode script processor.
OpenType 和 TrueType 字体技术的标准。还包括了 Microsoft 的 Unicode 脚本处理器 Microsoft Uniscribe 所需的脚本和语言所用字体的规定。

William
William

William, G., FontForge -- An Outline Font Editor; available from fontforge.sourceforge.net/overview.html.
William，G.，FontForge──轮廓字体编辑器；在 fontforge.sourceforge.net/overview.html 可以下载。

A tutorial for FontForge. One can learn from it even when using other font editors.
FontForge 的教程。即使使用其他字体编辑器也能从中获益。

Gettys & Scheifler, 1996
Gettys 和 Scheifler，1996

Gettys, J. and Scheifler, R.W., Xlib -- C Language X Interface, X Consortium Standard, X Version 11 Release 6.4, 1996.
Gettys，J. 和 Scheifler，R. W.，Xlib -- C 语言 X 接口，X 联合会标准，X 第11版发布 6.4，1996.

The reference for X11R6.4 architecture that you can consult when implementing at X Window level.
在 X Window 级别编程时可以参考的 X11R6.4 架构。

Nye, 1995
Nye，1995

Nye, A., ed., Programmer's Supplement for Release 6 of the X Window System, O'Reilly, 1995.
Nye，A.，编，X Window 系统程序员参考，O'Reilly，1995.

A guide to the features introduced in X Window Version 11 Release 6 (X11R6). The internationalization chapter may be the most interesting for readers.
对 X Window 11版发布号6 引入功能的指导。读者最感兴趣的可能是关于国际化的章节。

Packard, 2002
Packard，2002

Packard, K., Font Configuration and Customization for Open Source Systems. GUADEC 2002, Seville, 2002; available from keithp.com/~keithp/talks/guadec2002/.
Packard，K.，开源系统字体配置和定制. GUADEC 2002，Seville，2002；在 keithp.com/~keithp/talks/guadec2002/ 可以下载。

Documents the background of the FontConfig library during the initial phases.
记录了 FontConfig 库初期阶段的背景。

Palmer, 2003
Palmer，2003

Palmer, D., An Unreliable Guide to XKB Configuration, 2003; available from www.charvolant.org/~doug/xkb/.
Palmer，D.，XKB 配置不完全指南，2003；在 www.charvolant.org/~doug/xkb/ 可以下载。

A document on XKB written by a hacker frustrated by the lack of documentation.
一个被文档的缺乏困扰的黑客写的关于 XKB 的文档。

Pascal
Pascal

Pascal, I., How to Configure XKB; available from www.tsu.ru/~pascal/en/xkb.
Pascal，I.，怎样配置 XKB；在 www.tsu.ru/~pascal/en/xkb 可以下载。

A complete reference for XKB configuration.
关于 XKB 配置的一份完整参考。

Hiura, 1999
Hiura，1999

Hiura, H., Internet/Intranet Input Method Architecture. (www.openi18n.org/subgroups/im/IIIMF/whitepaper/whitepaper.html).
Hiura，H.，互联网/内部网输入法架构. （www.openi18n.org/subgroups/im/IIIMF/whitepaper/whitepaper.html）

A white paper describing the concepts of IIIM, the next generation cross-platform input method architecture which should soon replace XIM.
描述即将取代 XIM 的下一代跨平台输入法架构 IIIM 概念的白皮书。

Tuoc, Lok & Taylor, 1995
Tuoc，Lok 和 Taylor，1995

Tuoc L V., Lok J.S.H. and Taylor D.J., Internationalization: Developing Software for Global Markets, John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
Tuoc L V.，Lok J.S.H. 和 Taylor D.J.，国际化：为全球市场开发软件，John Wiley & Sons，1995.

Sprung, 2000
Sprung，2000

Sprung, R., ed., Translating Into Success: Case Studies in Translation, Localization, and Internationalization, John Benjamins, 2000.
Sprung，R.，编，翻译致胜：翻译、本地化及国际化案例研究，John Benjamins，2000.

Lunde, 1999
Lunde，1999

Lunde, K., CJKV Information Processing, O'Reilly,1999; available from www.oreilly.com/catalog/cjkvinfo.
Lunde，K.，CJKV 信息处理，O'Reilly，1999；在 www.oreilly.com/catalog/cjkvinfo 可以下载。

Ott, 1999
Ott，1999

Ott, C., Global Solutions for Multilingual Applications, Wiley, 1999.
Ott，C.，多语言应用程序的全球解决方案，Wiley，1999.